I've had my Chromecast w/Google TV for several months and this became a problem just a few days ago. I first noticed with Netflix, but now it's happening on Prime Video, Peacock, and PBS. Apple TV seems to be affected, but it's only the audio - video streams okay. HBO Max streams okay.
Netflix and Prime give error messages indicating not being able to play a stream, connect, or other indication that there's a problem. Peacock and PBS seem to try and start streaming episodes but then go back to the previous page/menu without any error message. All apps work fine on mobile devices that are connected to the same network.
I've logged out of and back into all problem apps and updated/checked Chromecast with no improvement. The only thing I've found that fixes the problem is restarting Chromecast. However, that workaround doesn't last for more than a day.
Tried rebooting your router and/or cable modem (or whatever similar device)?